Wallace is an active fishing port. Approximately two dozen commercial fishing boats ply the waters of the Northumberland Strait from the Wallace wharf in search of lobster, crab, scallops, herring or mackerel. Another wharf in Malagash is also active, in use by more fishermen of the area. Many smaller vessels are used further up the estuary itself for harvesting oysters, quahogs, gaspereau, smelts and eels.
Today, of all the commercial species,
lobster is by far the most important. The lobster season in our area
runs through
May and June. Boats rumble out the harbour before dawn six days a week
with fishermen spending about twelve hours daily hauling 300 traps.
Each trap is tethered to a
buoy colour coded to the individual fisherman. A good day's catch is
300
lbs; but catches can range from almost none to 2,000 lbs. or more
depending on the abundance of lobster that year.
A typical Wallace lobster boat is about forty feet long, with a diesel engine and forward cabin and wheelhouse, equipped to fish multi-species. A good time to see the Wallace fleet is on a sunny Sunday in May or June when the resting fishing boats are nestled around the wharf. Spending a day on a lobster boat is an unforgettable experience and can be arranged. Although some days are a little rough; ( a freshening northwest gale can work up an eight foot chop in no time in the central Northumberland Strait,) most of the time there is just no better place to be; awe-inspiring sunrises, an endless expanse of open sea and a sense of freedom that can't be found on land; and air so pure you can smell the lilacs in June when the breeze is right.
The thrill of fishing itself is in the suspense and surprises. Fishermen run each trap where experience guides; but they never know for sure. On a 300 lb. day over half the traps will be empty; but some might have six pounds or more. Lobster traps will also catch crab, sculpins, eels, starfish, perch and many other strange and wonderful species that are returned to the water. You just never know what might come up in a lobster trap.
Below what appears to be endless miles of sparkling sea off the shores near Wallace are the lobster fishing grounds; the Betts Ground, the Langille Ground, Church Reef, the Trenholm Shoal, Georgie, Oak Island Reef, the Seaman, the Hickie, the Mason, the Baker, Robinson Brook middle ground, the McGinnis middle ground, many of them named for fishermen from long ago.
Commercial lobster fishing began here in the late 1800's when lobster canneries sprang up along the shores enabling this tasty crustacean to be shipped to city markets. One processing facilty remains, located just to the east of the Wallace wharf, which employs many workers seasonally. Times have changed much in the lobster fishery here. Around the year 1900, small sailboats (that could be rowed when it was too calm), carried fishermen out to haul lines of 100 traps each, by hand. Starting at one end of the line, traps were hauled on one side of the boat, fished, baited and run off the other side as the boat was hauled along "under" the line of traps. It was hard work, especially if they had to row ashore at the end of the day with 1,000 lbs. of lobster. According to one old fisherman by the end of the season the muscles up and down his back were so big he couldn't get his coat on.
Wooden boats, traps and buoys
have been replaced with fiberglass, steel wire and styrofoam. Sails and
oars have been replaced with diesel engines. Rubber gloves and pants
have replaced wool mitts and oilskins. Landmarks have been replaced
with GPS plotters. Sounding irons have been replaced by video depth
sounders that show a picture of the depth and type of seafloor. But the
basic principle of baiting a trap and setting it down where a lobster
might crawl into it remains the same. And the lobsters taste just the
same as back when poor kids had to take them to school in their
sandwiches while the rich kids had the privilege of eating peanut
butter.
Agriculture
and forestry remain active in the area.
As with most rural Nova Scotian areas, farming has always been an
integral part of the community. The traditional family mixed farm
was the mainstay for many residents over the centuries. In addition to
the small farm these families would often include income from fishing
and from harvesting the trees on their lands. But as the economy
evolves these multi-industry operations are being eliminated
as their owners choose one industry to invest in to try and maintain a
viable
business. Livestock farms including dairy cattle, beef cattle, sheep,
horses, and poultry are in the area. Vegetable and grain crop farming
is not presently done commercially
here. Taking advantage of the micro-climate the warm waters of the
Northumberland Strait produces, a few farms have chosen fruit crops as
their primary source of income. The most well known of these is Jost
Vinyards Limited where the Jost family has established a successful
winery that makes use of their grape crop. There is significant land
area covered in mixed forests and as sections reach maturity they are
harvested; the primary use of the harvested wood is pulp for the paper
industry but some is utilized for lumber. Hardwoods harversted are
typically utilized as firewood. The future of farming and forestry is
uncertain as they are presently difficult to use as the basis of
profitable businesses given their scale.
Sandstone
Quarries have been part of the area economy since the mid
1800's, the current quarry is operated by Wallace
Quarries Ltd. Stone from Wallace quarry sites have contributed
greatly to the
construction of many well recognized monuments and buildings in Canada
and
the United States of America. For example, stone
from the Wallace quarries have been used in the construction of
The Canadian Parliament in Ottawa,
Halifax Province House, Charlottetown Province House, and the Central
Park Bridge in New York. Because of the local sandstone's colour and
durable
strength, it is not hard to identify the
sandstone from Wallace.
Depending on the size of sandstone that’s to be extracted, holes are
drilled into the quarry wall, with wired explosives inserted inside
each hole. After the explosion ‘cuts’ the sandstone off of the quarry
face,
the blocks may be sawn to desired size using a diamond encrusted saw.
Stone was transported by schooner or barge using the local harbour for
years but now trucks are utilized to get the stone to its customers. At
one time a gravity driven rail system was used to move the stone from
the quarry site to the wharf for loading. Renewed interst in the
use of natural materials has increased demand for sandstone so activity
at the quarry has increased in recent years.